Abstract:

The subject of this research is the philosophy of history of Peter Yakovlevich Chaadaev as the founder of «Russian idea» and «Russian Europeanism». Chaadayev´s views as the most prominent representative of Christian historicism of the XIX century were formed under the influence of the intellectual tradition of classical German philosophy and French romanticism. Researchingof the evolution of creativity of P.Ya. Chaadayev allowed to drawing a conclusion about the unity of ideological and theoretical and methodological basis of representatives of the two currents of «Russian Europeanism» in the face of Westerners and Slavophiles, heuristic significance of the methodology of P.Ya. Chaadayev´s history for the evaluation of historical destinies of the peoples of Europe and Russia.

Keywords: Peter Chaadaev, «Russian Europeanism», Christian historicism, romanticism, Westernizers, Slavophilism.